Other than the viola, violins, English horn, bassoon, piccolo, and French Horn, the different musical instruments that they use for the modern orchestra are
Clarinet
Clarinet has undoubtedly gone a long way from the first inception in the late 1600s to recent models. There are many improvements that Clarinet has gone through, and various types of Clarinets are also made throughout the years.
Double Bass
Double Bass is also known as the bass violin, contrabass, acoustic bass, upright bass, doghouse bass, stand-up bass, and string bass.
Trombone
Slideless trombones with valves were developed in the 19th century along with the trombones with valves and slides. Trombones have various shapes and sizes; B-flat is the most commonly used trombone these days.
Trumpet
Trumpets come in different types, and the most commonly used is the B-flat trumpet. C, D, E, and Piccolo trumpets have also come into the picture, and there are a few instruments thT relate to trumpets; they are flugelhorn, bugles, and cornet.
Tuba
In 1835, the bass tuba was created by Johann Gottfried Moritz, and Wilhelm Wieprecht in F. Tubas used to make the military bands.
Kettledrum
Kettledrum is also known as Orchestral kettledrums or timpani. It belongs to the family of percussion. Timpani was used in the military and India for Royal Parades.
Bass Drum
The Bass drum is the largest and the lowest member of the drum family. It is the percussion instrument and is used in orchestral music and marching bands.
Permanent Players and distribution
A modern full-scale symphony orchestra consists of nearly a hundred musicians who are permanent and are most often distributed as
- 16 to 18 violinists for 1st violins
- 16 violinist for 2nd violins
- 12 violas
- 12 cellos
- Eight double basses
- 3 for the flute and one with piccolo as a speciality
- Two clarinets and one bass clarinet for speciality and the other specialising in high clarinets
- Three oboes and one with an English horn as a speciality
- Three bassoons and one with double bassoon as a speciality.
- 5-8 horns
- One tuba
- 3-4 percussionists, among whom at least one should also play the kettledrum
- Four trumpets
- Four trombones among whom one should play bass trombone as a speciality
- Two harps
- One keyboard player with piano, harpsichord, celesta, etc.)
The wind players should be able to play all auxiliary instruments and that of their primary instrument.
Extra players
The instruments that are mastered by the musicians, such as saxophone, bass oboe, guitar, synthesiser, martenot, etc., do not have permanent positions usually. Still, they also play as an important to and engage for special concerts and projects. Similarly, the extra engaged people will have to score calls for extended brass, percussion, etc.